Status of monument -> National monument
Published in the “Official Gazette of BiH”,
no. 97/09.
Pursuant to Article V para. 4 Annex 8 of the
General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Article 39
para. 1 of the Rules of Procedure of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments,
at a session held from 7 to 13 July 2009 the Commission adopted a
D E
C I S I O N
I
The
historic site of the Šarampovlje (Vitina) necropolis of stećak tombstones in
Kruševo, City of Mostar, is hereby designated as a National
Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter: the National Monument).
The National Monument consists of a necropolis
with 122 stećak tombstones.
The National Monument is located on a site
designated as cadastral plot no. 2601 and 2602 (new survey), corresponding to
part of c.p. no. 899/3 (old survey), cadastral municipality SP Kruševo, Land
Register entry no. 626, City of Mostar, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The provisions relating to protection
measures set forth by the Law on the Implementation of the Decisions of the
Commission to Preserve National Monuments, established pursuant to Annex 8 of
the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official
Gazette of the Federation of BiH nos. 2/02, 27/02, 6/04 and 51/07) shall apply
to the National Monument.
II
The Government of the Federation of Bosnia
and Herzegovina (hereinafter: the Government of the Federation) shall be
responsible for providing the legal, scientific, technical, administrative and
financial measures necessary for the protection, conservation, restoration and
presentation of the National Monument.
The Commission to Preserve National Monuments
(hereinafter: the Commission) shall determine the technical requirements and
secure the funds for preparing and erecting notice boards with basic details of
the monument and the Decision to proclaim the property a National Monument.
III
To ensure the on-going protection of the
National Monument on the site defined in Clause 1 para. 3 of this Decision, the
following protection measures are
hereby stipulated:
-
all works are
prohibited other than research and conservation and restoration works,
including those designed to display the monument, with the approval of the
Federal Ministry responsible for regional planning (hereinafter: the relevant
ministry) and under the expert supervision of the heritage protection authority
of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter: the heritage
protection authority);
-
the necropolis shall
be kept regularly maintained, including removing self-sown vegetation and
clearing the stećci of lichens and moss;
-
the site of the
monument shall be open and accessible to the public, and may be used for
educational and cultural purposes;
-
infrastructure works
shall be permitted only with the approval of the relevant ministry and subject
to the expert opinion of the heritage protection authority;
-
the dumping of waste
is prohibited.
To ensure the protection of the National
Monument, as a matter of urgency, a geodetic survey shall be conducted and the
necropolis shall be cleared.
A buffer
zone is hereby prescribed, consisting of c.p. nos. 2499, 2600, 2601 (part),
2603, 2604 and 2605, title deed no. 337, c.m. Čule (new survey), corresponding
to c.p. 899/3 (old survey), c.m. SP Kruševo, Land Register entry no. 626, City
of Mostar, where St Elijah’s church and the Kruševo Cultural and Pastoral
Centre are located.
The following protection measures shall apply
in this area:
-
works designed to
ensure the sustainable use of the church are permitted;
-
the existing
proportions of the church must be preserved;
-
the construction of
new buildings the size of which could be detrimental to the National Monument
is prohibited.
IV
All executive and area development planning
acts not in accordance with the provisions of this Decision are hereby revoked.
V
Everyone, and in particular the competent
authorities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Canton, and urban
and municipal authorities, shall refrain from any action that might damage the
National Monument or jeopardize the preservation thereof.
VI
The Government of the Federation, the Federal
Ministry responsible for regional planning, the Federation heritage protection
authority, and the Municipal Authorities in charge of urban planning and land
registry affairs, shall be notified of this Decision in order to carry out the
measures stipulated in Articles II to V of this Decision, and the Authorized
Municipal Court shall be notified for the purposes of registration in the Land
Register.
VII
The elucidation and accompanying
documentation form an integral part of this Decision, which may be viewed by
interested parties on the premises or by accessing the website of the
Commission (http://www.aneks8komisija.com.ba)
VIII
Pursuant to Art. V para 4 Annex 8 of the
General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, decisions of
the Commission are final.
IX
On the date of adoption of this Decision, the
National Monument shall be deleted from the Provisional List of National
Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of BiH no. 33/02,
Official Gazette of Republika Srpska no. 79/02, Official Gazette of the
Federation of BiH no. 59/02, and Official Gazette of Brčko District BiH no.
4/03), where it featured under serial no. 422.
X
This Decision shall enter into force on the
day following its publication in the Official Gazette of BiH.
This Decision has been adopted by the
following members of the Commission: Zeynep Ahunbay, Martin Cherry, Amra
Hadžimuhamedović, Dubravko Lovrenović, and Ljiljana Ševo.
No.02-2-40/09-43
8
July 2009
Sarajevo
Chair
of the Commission
Amra
Hadžimuhamedović
E l
u c i d a t i o n
I – INTRODUCTION
Pursuant to Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Law
on the Implementation of the Decisions of the Commission to Preserve National
Monuments, established pursuant to Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement
for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a “National Monument” is an item of public
property proclaimed by the Commission to Preserve National Monuments to be a
National Monument pursuant to Articles V and VI of Annex 8 of the General
Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and property entered on
the Provisional List of National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official
Gazette of BiH no. 33/02) until the Commission reaches a final decision on its
status, as to which there is no time limit and regardless of whether a petition
for the property in question has been submitted or not.
The Commission to Preserve National Monuments
issued a decision to add St Elijah’s
church in Kruševo to the Provisional List of National Monuments of Bosnia
and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of BiH no.33/02) under serial no. 422.
Pursuant to the provisions of the law, the
Commission proceeded to carry out the procedure for reaching a final decision
to designate the Property as a National Monument, pursuant to Article V para. 4
of Annex 8 and Article 35 of the Rules of Procedure of the Commission to
Preserve National Monuments.
Statement of Significance
The mediaeval necropolis in the village of
Kruševo has 122 stećak tombstones, of which 60 are slabs, 59 are chest-shaped
and three are gabled. All are of finely worked limestone. Thirty are decorated
(22 slabs, seven chests and one gabled) with borders and friezes of scrolling
vines with trefoils, a frieze of zigzag lines, a border of scrolling vines with
spirals, crescent moons, hemispherical protuberances, double bands in
pronounced relief and reverse relief, fleur-de-lis, rosettes, a sword, a shield
and sword, a “water basin” and an “oyster shell” concavity, arcades, hunting scenes,
dancing scenes and a figure with a shield and spear (or sword). There are also
two epitaphs, one to Ivan Maršić and the other to knez (earl, headman) Radiša Zloušić, which also refers to the
scribe or stone mason Vuković.
The form of the lettering, the triangular
shield, the use of the title knez and the reference to the Zlošević (Zloušić)
family date the tombstones to the 14th and 15th centuries. The fact that the
names of mediaeval nobles from this region and of a scribe or stonemason are
given is of great importance as a historical source, and the wealth of carved
decoration is evidence of both the economic power and the aesthetic preferences
of those for whom the tombstones were carved.
Alongside the necropolis stands St Elijah’s
church in Kruševo, modelled on St Elijah’s church in Stolac (1900-1902) but
built in stages from 1934 and 1991. Its importance lies primarily in its
location, on the site of a former chapel (demolished in 1934), and its impact
on the landscape of the necropolis, a site of major archaeological and
contextual significance.
II – PROCEDURE PRIOR TO
DECISION
In the procedure preceding the adoption of a
final decision to proclaim the property a national monument, the following
documentation was inspected:
-
Details of the
current condition and use of the property, including a description,
architectural drawings and photographs
-
Details of war
damage, data on restoration or other works on the property, etc.
-
An inspection of the
current condition of the property
-
A copy of the
cadastral plan
-
A copy of the Land
Register entry,
-
Historical,
architectural and other documentary material on the property, as set out in the
bibliography forming part of this Decision.
The findings based on the review of the above
documentation and the condition of the site are as follows:
1. Details of the property
Location
The National Monument is in the village of
Kruševo, which is on the south side of Mostar Blato (marsh, wetlands), by the
Mostar-Čitluk regional road, about 15 km as the crow flies to the south-west of
Mostar. The road to Blato, where the National Monument is located, is to the
west of the main road. The Mekovac Catholic cemetery, which is still in use, is
nearby.
The necropolis covers an area of 3035 m2, and
contains 122 stećci.
Also on the site is St Elijah’s church and
the Cultural and Pastoral Centre, on the site of the former parish hall.
Access to the complex is from the east, from
the local road forking off from the Mostar-Čitluk road to the settlement on the
south side of the Mostar wetlands.
The cadastral records show that the plot is
the property of the Roman Catholic parish of Kruševo.
Historical
information
Kruševo now lies on the Mostar to Čitluk
road. In the wider area of the village, finds have been made dating from the
Bronze Age, at Sritnica – five stone grave mounds or tumuli, two of which are
damaged(1), and an isolated find of the handle of a
cast bronze vessel dating from Roman times. The base of the handle is in the
form of the bust of a man with barbarian Asiatic clothing and hair, which
becomes the upper part of the handle, composed of three locks of hair forming
an acute angle: a common motif on the handles of Roman pitches.(2)
In early mediaeval times there was a župa (county) known as Večenike-Večerić
in the wider area of modern-day Mostar. The earliest reference to the county is
in the Chronicle of the Doclean Pope,
which was composed in the mid 12th century. The historians Relja Novaković and
Nenad Pejičić associate the name of the country, Večenike, with the ethnic
group or people known as the Vetonci, who lived in Hum and the Neretva lands in
the early 11th and 12th centuries. Their name also survives in the name of the
county of Vetanice-Vetnice-Fatnice in eastern Herzegovina and of the villages
of Vitina and Vitaljina in western Herzegovina. The Vetonci are regarded as a
branch of a western Slavic tribe with a similar name, whose ancestral home was
in the Elbe valley. The early mediaeval county of Večenike-Večerić marched with
Luka county to the south, Velika county to the south-west, Imotski to the west,
Rama and Neretva to the north, Kama and Nevesinje to the north-east, and Bišće
and Dubrave to the east, corresponding with the administrative division of the territory
of Čitluk, Lištica and Mostar municipalities without the former Blagaj
municipality. The old names for these are Broćno, Blato and the environs of
Mostar, with Bijelo polje and Drežnica. In late feudal times a number of lesser
territorial political units existed within the county. As Večenike broke up as
a county, first to emerge was Broćno, which enjoyed political primacy in the
14th century, followed by Blato in the first half of the 15th century, with the
Kruševac fort. The rest of the area continued to be known as Večerić
(Večenike), from which, by the early 15th century, yet more administrative
entities had been detached; Planina, Polje and Drežnica. From early Ottoman
times, and perhaps even a few decades before this, Mostar became the centre of
this area. From the latter half of the 16th to the 19th century the Mostar
kadiluk consisted of the nahijas
(minor administrative units) of Mostar, Broćno, Blato and Drežnica.(3) (P.
Anđelić, 1982, 117 – 141).
The parish of Kruševo was founded by decree
no. 644/1924, issued by the Episcopal ordinariat in Mostar on 13 May 1924. This
decree, which was typed and bears an official stamp, but is unsigned, states:
“We hereby notify you that we have finally opened a new parish in Kruševo,
formerly a branch of your parish, to which the following villages will belong:
Podgorje, Kruševo – Čula, Krivodol, Sritnice and Selišta.”(4)
A small chapel stood on the site of the
present church of St Elijah in Kruševo, on what is now inside the church to the
left of the entrance. The chapel was about 2.5 m wide and 3 m long, with a
single room and a gabled roof, and was used as the parish church until the
church itself was built.(5) The
chapel was demolished in February 1934. To the south of the chapel and the
necropolis to its south-west were, in the following order, a well, the vicarage
and an outbuilding, all surrounded by a dry-stone wall.(6)
To avoid the expense of having a design drawn
up for St Elijah's church in Kruševo, Don Anto Romić used the design for St
Elijah's church in Stolac (M. David, “Projekt für den Neubau eine mm. kath.
kirche in Stolac“, Mostar, 1900 – 1902).(7)
The foundation stone for St Elijah's church
in Kruševo was laid and blessed on 25 October 1934. The church was built in
stages from 1934 to 1991.
The first stage lasted from 1934 to the end
of 1936. The walls were erected to the existing footprint, and the gabled roof
was installed. The walls are of stone, and the door and window lintels of
reinforced concrete. The roof was probably clad with tiles, but there is no
specific evidence for this.
The bell tower was built to the height of the
church walls. There are no extant photographs or written information on the
roof of the bell tower, which may not even have existed at this stage. The
openings of the church were fitted with doors and windows, though some of the
latter were simply boarded up because of lack of funds. It is not known which
these were.(8)
The roof of the church was damaged in World
War II and repaired after the war.
The next stage of building began in 1962,
still to the design of the church in Stolac. These works consisted of
plastering the church, replacing the roof cladding with new tiles, installing
the missing windows, laying a terrazzo floor, installing the barrel vault,
installing a new entrance door, and wiring the church for electricity.(9)
According to Fr. Pijo Nui's drawings, the
reinforced concrete choir gallery over the parvis was also built in 1962.
In 1965 the Civil Engineering School in
Mostar drew up a project to build onto the bell tower. The project provided for
the walls and roof to be of reinforced concrete.(10)
In 1973 the roof cladding was again replaced,
this time with corrugated asbestos board. In 1976 the ceiling was replaced.(11)
The third stage of building, when the bell
tower was finally completed to the 1965 design, was in 1990-1991. As well as
the work on the bell tower(12), the
following works were carried out on the church: replacing the corrugated
asbestos board roof cladding with sheet copper, to match the cladding of the
newly-built four-paned roof of the bell tower; stripping the render off the
façade and re-rendering; additional electric wiring works.
2. Description of the
property
During the technical survey of the site, the
necropolis with 122 stećak tombstones (60 slabs, 59 chest-shaped and three
gabled) was surveyed and recorded.(13) The
tombstones are of finely worked stone. Some are partly buried or covered with
soil. The site where they are located is used for holding mass, and according
to the parish priest, Ljubo Planinić, some of the stećci have been moved from
their original positions because the necropolis was formerly physically divided
by a water-worn gully filled with a thicket of shrubs covering most of the
stećci. The site of the necropolis is now properly laid out, cleared and
forming a single entity with all the tombstones surrounded by a concrete wall. Thirty
of the tombstones are decorated (22 slabs, seven chests and one gabled) with
borders and friezes of scrolling vines with trefoils, a frieze of zigzag lines,
a border of scrolling vines with spirals, crescent moons, hemispherical
protuberances, double bands in pronounced relief and reverse relief,
fleur-de-lis, rosettes, a sword, a shield and sword, an “oyster shell”
concavity, arcades, hunting scenes, dancing scenes and a figure with a shield
and spear (or sword).
In addition, two of the tombstones (nos. 77
and 107) have epitaphs. On the first is the epitaph in Cyrillic script
of Ivan Maršić, which is of interest not only in its content but also in the
use of letters to denote the number 88 (PN). M Vego proposed two possible ways
of reading the epitaph: + A se leži
[here lies] Ivanь Maršićь. Živihь litь pi
(88) [the custom of using letters to denote dates is typical of mediaeval
times, and in some circles (for instance, the history of Serbian literacy) it
persisted until the late 17th or even the 18th century. The Cyrillic letter p
has a numerical value of 80, and the “eight-value i” (H) has a numerical value
of 8, unlike the “ten-value i” with its numerical value of 10] mnogo nь zeimli ja, a ništa nes (ohь);
or alternatively, + A se leži [here
lies] Ivanь Maršićь. Živihь litь pi
(88) mnogo nь zeimli ja, a ništa nes (mь).
The facsimile reveals the semivowel ь at the end of the word LITь, which is in
the genitive plural. This manner of denoting the genitive plural also features
in charters of Ban Stjepan II Kotromanić. In the first case the scribe probably
intended to indicate that Ivan Maršić lived long [88 years] on this earth and
took nothing with him to the next world; the second interpretation suggests
that Ivan Maršić was nothing on this earth even though he lived long. M. Vego
states that his searches through historical sources from Hum produced no
reference to the surname Maršić that might help to date the epitaph, and he
thus looked for evidence of dating in the style of the letters N, B and Ć and
in the decorations on the tombstone, from which he dated the epitaph to the
15th century.(14)
The second epitaph, on stećak no.
107, relates to knez (earl,
headman) Radiša Zloušić, and was read by M Vego as: + A se leži knezь Radiša Zloušićь. A se piše kami Vukovićь za ьunaka
(junaka) Tumov (Tomovu) Radiši Zloušićь [Here lies knez Radiša Zloušić.
This was written by kami Vuković for the hero Tomo’s son Radiša Zloušić]. M
Vego is of the opinion that the lettering on this epitaph has 15th century
features and that the name Radiša Zloušić was not unusual in Herzegovina. A
family with the surname Zloušić lived near Metković, and another with the
surname Zlomislić lived in the village of Kruševo. A charter of 1254 issued by župan [lord of the county] Radoslav is signed
as a witness by Pribin Zlošević, whose surname is fairly similar to that of the
Zloušić family of Kruševo. It is possible that the surname Zloušić altered in
form, as did the surname Krivoušić, featuring on an epitaph in Mostar, but
appearing in mediaeval Bosnian charters and letters from Ragusa as Krivošić. On
the basis of this hypothesis that the name altered in form, M Vego is of the
opinion that the knez Radiša Zloušić of the epitaph on the stećak could be of
the Zlošević family. The form of the letters, the figure with a triangular
shield, the use of the title knez, and the Zlošević family all suggest a 14th
or 15th century date. M Vego found a large grave under this slab, surrounded by
finely cut stone, about 2 m deep. He recorded that while he was studying the
epitaph the grave was open on the south side and the bones had been moved.(15)
During the survey of the necropolis the
explanation provided was that the grave had been closed again when the
necropolis was cleared, because it was completely overgrown with shrubs. At the
same time, the stećci were set level, and those that had fallen over or been
shifted by the water were moved to new positions.
Condition
of the stećci
Stećak no. 1. –
slab without decoration, partly buried and covered with lichen and ivy, lying
west– east; the stećak measures 146 x 108 x 20 cm.
Stećak no. 2. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and ivy, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 148 x 64 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 3.(16) – chest without decoration, covered with
lichen and ivy, lying west – east; the stećak measures 193 x 24 x 66 cm.
Stećak no. 4. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen and ivy, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 201 x 71 x 105 cm.
Stećak no. 5. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and ivy, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 183 x 79 x 80 cm.
Stećak no. 6. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 179 x 35 x 49 cm.
Stećak no. 7. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and ivy,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 188 x 63 x 38 cm.
Stećak no. 8. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 161 x 64 x 37 cm.
Stećak no. 9. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, partly buried, covered with
lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak measures 183 x 62 x 25 cm.
Stećak no. 10. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, moss and
ivy, lying west – east; the stećak measures 156 x 65 x 35 cm.
Stećak no. 11. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 175 x 62 x 37 cm.
Stećak no. 12. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 209 x 61 x 45 cm.
Stećak no. 13. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 171 x 72 x 37 cm.
Stećak no. 14. –
slab without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 118 x 116 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 15. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, partly buried, covered with lichen
and moss, lying west – east; the stećak measures 161 x 53 x 31 cm.
Stećak no. 16. –
chest without decoration, of average workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
part of the east face missing, lying west – east; the stećak measures 146 x 57
x 38 cm.
Stećak no. 17. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, moss and ivy, lying west – east;
the stećak measures 227 x 66 x 27 cm.
Stećak no. 18. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with moss and lichen,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 150 x 63 x 47 cm.
Stećak no. 19. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 144 x 57 x 32 cm.
Stećak no. 20. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 143 x 59 x 21 cm.
Stećak no. 21. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 167 x 77 x 37 cm.
Stećak no. 22. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 159 x 65 x 17 cm.
Stećak no. 23. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 154 x 77 x 27 cm.
Stećak no. 24. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen and moss,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 164 x 69 x 30 cm.
Stećak no. 25. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, part broken off, covered with
lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak measures 161 x 74 x 41 cm.
Stećak no. 26. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
lying north – south; the stećak measures 180 x 72 x 19 cm.
Stećak no. 27. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
lying north – south; the stećak measures 178 x 80 x 49 cm.
Stećak no. 28. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
lying north – south; the stećak measures 169 x 70 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 29. –
slab without decoration, partly buried and damaged, covered with lichen and
moss, lying north – south; the stećak measures 186 x 85 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 30. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, with a
tree growing over part of the west side, lying north – south; the stećak
measures 167 x 62 x 29 cm.
Stećak no. 31. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying north –
south; the stećak measures 106 x 48 x 31 cm.
Stećak no. 32. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 167 x 62 x 43 cm.
Stećak no. 33. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
with a tree growing over part of the north side, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 103 x 55 x 5 cm.
Stećak no. 34. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, part broken off, covered with lichen,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 185 x 138 x 21 cm.
Stećak no. 35. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 174 x 58 x 33 cm.
Stećak no. 36. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 114 x 53 x 21 cm.
The
tombstone is rectangular with the east face angled, without sharp edges. Š.
Bešlagić classifies such tombstones as arch-ended (Š. Bešlagić, 1982, 87).
Stećak no. 37. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 118 x 53 x 10 cm.
Stećak no. 38. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss and
overgrown with vegetation, lying north – south; the stećak measures 143 x 73 x
34 cm.
Stećak no. 39. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, of crude workmanship, covered with lichen
and moss, lying north – south; the stećak measures 164 x 69 x 30 cm.
Stećak no. 40. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen and moss, with a tree growing
over part of the west side, lying north – south; the stećak measures 231 x 77 x
39 cm.
Stećak no. 41. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, of crude workmanship, covered with
lichen, lying northwest – southeast; the stećak measures 156 x 79 x 18 cm.
Stećak no. 42. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, of crude workmanship, covered with
lichen, lying northwest – southeast; the stećak measures 178 x 53 x 17 cm.
Stećak no. 43. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and overgrown
with weeds, lying west – east; the stećak measures 170 x 89 x 21 cm.
Stećak no. 44. –
gabled without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and moss
and overgrown with vegetation, lying west – east; the stećak measures 172 x 63
x 36 cm.
Stećak no. 45. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, partly buried, covered with
lichen, lying west – east; the stećak measures 122 x 50 x 9 cm.
Stećak no. 46. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, partly buried, covered with
lichen, lying west – east; the stećak measures 148 x 53 x 15 cm.
Stećak no. 47. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, broken in half
crosswise, lying west – east; the stećak measures 122 x 64 x 15 cm.
Stećak no. 48. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 75 x 65 x 14 cm.
Stećak no. 49. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, of crude workmanship, covered with
lichen, lying west – east; the stećak measures 116 x 64 x 10 cm.
Stećak no. 50. –
chest with, of average workmanship, covered with lichen, lying northwest –
southeast; the stećak measures 130 x 62 x 13 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a relief sword with a one-handed hilt
and a hemispherical pommel. The short tang widens towards the flat, straight
crossguard, and the blade tapers evenly from the crossguard to the sharp tip.
Stećak no. 51. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, longitudinal cracks along the
middle of the stećak, of which the surface is now covered by a tree and is used
as a sacristy, where the church plate used during mass is placed, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 176 x 61 x 59 cm.
Stećak no. 52. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, with visible cracks on the surface,
covered with lichen and ivy, lying west – east; the stećak measures 129 x 51 x 14
cm.
Stećak no. 53. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen, moss and
ivy, lying west – east; the stećak measures 156 x 65 x 37 cm.
Stećak no. 54. –
chest without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and ivy,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 166 x 62 x 28 cm.
Stećak no. 55. –
chest with decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and moss, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 185 x 109 x 50 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a shield and sword in relief. The sword
has a one-handed hilt and a hemispherical pommel. The short tang widens towards
the flat, straight crossguard, and the blade tapers evenly from the crossguard
to the tip, but is partly concealed by a semicircular shield, below which the
rounded tip of the blade emerges.
Stećak no. 56. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 89 x 31 x 21 cm.
Stećak no. 57. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 115 x 55 x 30 cm.
The
tombstone is rectangular with the east face angled, without sharp edges. Š.
Bešlagić classifies such tombstones as arch-ended(17) (Š. Bešlagić, 1982, 87).
Stećak no. 58. – slab
with decoration over a large masonry tomb, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 224 x 111 x 36 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends.
Stećak no. 59. –
slab with decoration over a large masonry tomb, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 188 x 129 x 35 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends.
Stećak no. 60. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 200 x 121 x 32 cm.
Stećak no. 61. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 215 x 138 x 29 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends.
Stećak no. 62. –
slab without decoration over a large masonry tomb, covered with lichen, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 174 x 92 x 25 cm.
Stećak no. 63. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 225 x 108 x 30 cm.
Stećak no. 64. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, with visible cracks on the
surface, lying west – east; the stećak measures 239 x 154 x 33 cm.
Stećak no. 65. –
slab without decoration over a large masonry tomb, covered with lichen, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 140 x 115 x 26 cm.
Stećak no. 66. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 192 x 124 x 23 cm.
Stećak no. 67. –
chest with decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and moss, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 156 x 122 x 51 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends. The east
face is decorated with a rosette in relief below the border, and the west face
with two rosettes in relief.
Stećak no. 68. –
slab with decoration over a large masonry tomb, covered with lichen, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 242 x 160 x 32 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends.
Stećak no. 69. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 230 x 138 x 33 cm.
A
decorative border of scrolling vines runs around the sides and ends, and the
western part of the surface of the stećak is decorated with a rosette in
relief.
Stećak no. 70. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 186 x 127 x 27 cm.
The
western part of the surface of the stećak is decorated with a crescent moon and
hemisphere in relief.
Stećak no. 71. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 107 x 60 x 25 cm.
Stećak no. 72. –
slab with decoration, of fine workmanshipa, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 287 x 153 x 45 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a crescent moon and hemisphere in
relief and an “oyster-shell” concavity.
Stećak no. 73. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen and with visible cracks on the surface,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 186 x 103 x 42 cm.
Stećak no. 74. –
chest with decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 103 x 76 x 22 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a circle and a rosette in reverse
relief and relief.
Stećak no. 75. –
slab with decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen and ivy, with a
tree growing over part of the north side, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 211 x 111 x 49 cm.
A
frieze of zigzag lines runs along the sides and ends, and a border of scrolling
vines with spirals frames the top surface.
Stećak no. 76. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, cracks on the north face, lying
north – south; the stećak measures 62 x 45 x 31 cm.
Stećak no. 77. –
slab with decoration and epitaph, partly buried, of fine workmanship, covered
with lichen (unlike the decoration, the epitaph is hard to see, and it is only
on careful inspection that the text below the shield is noticed), lying west –
east; the stećak measures 267 x 175 x 17 cm.
The
slab is decorated in the middle with a shield and sword, and the edges with a
wide border of anchor design. The shield is rectangular, with a length of 104
cm. The hilt of the sword, which is 20 cm long, and the crossguard of 22 cm,
are above the shield and the top of the sword below it. This is where the
epitaph is carved into the stone:
Line 1: †A SE LEŽIЬ IVANЬ
MARŠIĆЬ
Line 2: ŽIVIHЬ LIT PI MNO
Line 3: GO. N ZEIMLJI JA
NIŠTA NES
reading in transcription:
†A SE LEŽIЬ IVANЬ MARŠIĆЬ
ŽIVIHЬ LIT PI (88) MNO GO. NЬ ZEIMLJI JA NIŠTA NES[m] or NES[oh](18)
Stećak no. 78. –
slab with decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 235 x 162 x 40 cm.
A
frieze of zigzag lines runs along the sides and ends, and a border of scrolling
vines with trefoils frames the top surface.
Stećak no. 79. –
slab without decoration, of fine workmanship, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 201 x 128 x 32 cm.
Stećak no. 80. –
slab with decoration, of fine workmanship, partly buried and cracked, with part
broken off but still lying on the ground in one piece, covered with lichen and
humus, lying north – south; the stećak measures 172 x 92 x 5 cm.
A
border of scrolling vines with trefoils frames the top surface.
Stećak no. 81.(19) – chest with decoration, covered with
lichen, moved from its original position (now on stećak no.82), overturned onto
its east side. It was cut in imitation of a tall chest widening from base to
top, where instead of a flat top it has canted sides, thus forming a low
pyramid resembling a lid or cover, lying north – south; the stećak measures 100
x 58 x 138 cm.
The
west side of the stećak is decorated with a shield and sword. The shield is
adorned with a crescent moon, horns facing downwards, with two circles above. The
tip of the sword protrudes below the shield.
Stećak no. 82. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 202 x 106 x 28 cm.
The
top surface of the stećak is decorated with a prominent border consisting of a
frieze of zigzag lines.
Stećak no. 83. –
tall chest with plinth and decoration, of fine workmanship, widening from the
base to the top, covered with lichen, dominating the necropolis in size and
beauty, lying west – east; the stećak measures 105 x 48 x 190 cm; the plinth
measures 225 x 125 x 27 cm.
Stylized
round-headed arcades run along the ends and sides of the stećak, two at each
end and five on each side, with the arches almost separate from the niches. Above
the arcades is a frieze of double zigzag lines running along the ends and
sides.
Stećak no. 84. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 227 x 120 x 35 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a crescent moon and a rosette.
Stećak no. 85. –
slab with decoration, partly buried and covered with lichen, a corner broken at
the east end but not moved, so that the stećak is still intact, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 288 x 168 x 15 cm.
A
border of scrolling vines with trefoils frames the top surface.
Stećak no. 86. –
slab without decoration, partly buried and covered with lichen, of fine
workmanship, lying west – east; the stećak measures 180 x 107 x 13 cm.
Stećak no. 87. –
slab without decoration, partly buried and covered with lichen, of fine
workmanship, with a visible crack on the western part, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 211 x 120 x 20 cm.
Stećak no. 88. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 114 x 46 x 12 cm.
The
tombstone is rectangular in shape with the west end terminating in a ridge.
Stećak no. 89. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 143 x 61 x 13 cm.
Stećak no. 90. –
gabled with decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 164 x 45 x 60 cm.
The
west end of the stećak is decorated with two figures with arms raised, holding
hands. It is hard to determine whether the figures are of men or women. The
north side is decorated with a hunting scene of two horses and one rider, and
the east face with a figure with a shield and spear (or sword). Š. Bešlagić
says of this figure that it “portrays a woman with a shield,”(20) and Marian Wenzel does not mention it at
all.(21)
Stećak no. 91. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying north –
south; the stećak measures 88 x 53 x 18 cm.
Stećak no. 92. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 142 x 73 x 9 cm.
Stećak no. 93. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, a corner missing
from the east face, lying west – east; the stećak measures 204 x 92 x 9 cm.
Stećak no. 94. –chest
without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying north – south; the
stećak measures 94 x 47 x 8 cm.
Stećak no. 95. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying north – south;
the stećak measures 83 x 52 x 7 cm.
Stećak no. 96. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, visible surface cracks, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 164 x 65 x 16 cm.
Stećak no. 97. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 167 x 51 x 14 cm.
Stećak no. 98. –
gabled without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying south-west
– north-east; the stećak measures 173 x 96 x 93 cm.
Stećak no. 99. –
chest with decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 167 x 83 x 21 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is covered with symmetrically-placed “oyster-shell”
concavities and rosettes, two of each set crisscross.
Stećak no. 100. –
chest without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 178 x 87 x 24 cm.
Stećak no. 101. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying northwest –
southeast; the stećak measures 230 x 170 x 18 cm.
Stećak no. 102. –
chest without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 179 x 69 x 15 cm.
Stećak no. 103. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 174 x 84 x 30 cm.
Stećak no. 104. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 187 x 117 x 21 cm.
A
border of scrolling vines with trefoils frames the top surface.
Stećak no. 105. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, west face damaged, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 179 x 126 x 16 cm.
A
line runs along the middle of the stećak, indicating that this is a double
grave; on the north side of the stećak, by the line, is a rosette, and a
decorative border of scrolling vines runs along the ends and sides of the
stećak.
Stećak no. 106. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east;
the stećak measures 217 x 141 x 15 cm.
Stećak no. 107. –
slab with decoration and epitaph, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss,
unlike the decoration the epitaph is hard to make out, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 257 x 172 x 12 cm.
The
middle of the slab is decorated with a triangular shield and sword, and the
edges with a wide border of anchor design. In addition to these decorations, M Vego
also noted a carved crescent-moon decoration with horns pointing downwards to
left and right of the shield, and three rosettes in relief(22). Vego also recorded the epitaph on this
stećak(23), reading in transliteration:
West
face:
Line 1: † A SE LEŽI KN
Line 2: EZЬ RADIŠA ZLO
Line 3: UŠIĆ
Line 4: Ь
North side:
Line 1: A SE PIŠE KAMI VU
Line 2: KOVIĆЬ ZA (or NA)
East face:
Line 1: JUNAKA
Line 2: TUM
South
side:
Line 1: OVU
Line 2: RЬDIŠI
Line 3: ZLOUŠIĆЬ
This
reads, in transcription:
West
face:
Line 1: † A SE LEŽI KN
Line 2: EZЬ RADIŠA ZLO
Line
3: UŠIĆ
Line 4: Ь
North side:
Line 1: A SE PIŠE KAMI VU
Line
2: KOVIĆЬ ZA (or NA)
East
face:
Line 1: JUNAKA
Line 2: TUM
South
side:
Line 1: OVU
Line 2: RЬDIŠI
Line 3: ZLOUŠIĆЬ
Stećak no. 108. –
chest without decoration, of crude workmanship, north side damaged, covered
with lichen and ivy, lying west – east; the stećak measures 205 x 61 x 20 cm.
Stećak no. 109. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and ivy, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 181 x 99 x 18 cm.
Stećak no. 110. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, cracked
lengthwise, lying west – east; the stećak measures 219 x 121 x 24 cm.
Stećak no. 111. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east;
the stećak measures 182 x 91 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 112. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east;
the stećak measures 188 x 92 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 113. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and ivy, lying west
– east; the stećak measures 236 x 139 x 16 cm.
Stećak no. 114. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, lying
west – east; the stećak measures 222 x 80 x 31 cm.
Stećak no. 115. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east;
the stećak measures 206 x 124 x 22 cm.
Stećak no. 116. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, moss and ivy,
lying west – east; the stećak measures 246 x 135 x 41 cm.
Stećak no. 117. –
slab with decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 198 x 113 x 26 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated with a crescent moon with its horns pointing
downwards.
Stećak no. 118. –
slab without decoration, covered with lichen, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 243 x 120 x 41 cm.
Stećak no. 119. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the stećak
measures 254 x 153 x 39 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated along the edges with a wide frame of anchor
motifs at the ends and a border scrolling vines with spirals on the edges of
the frame along the sides. Two friezes of zigzag lines decorate the west face,
separated by a line in relief, with an upright fleur-de-lis in the middle. The decorations are in a combination of
reverse relief and relief.
Stećak no. 120. –
slab with decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, lying west –
east; the stećak measures 196 x 166 x 14 cm.
The
edges of the surface of the stećak are decorated with a wide border of
scrolling vines with trefoils running along the ends and sides. This border
frames some protuberances and outlines suggesting a shield and sword,
discernible on the southern part of the stećak but hard to identify on the
northern part.
Stećak no. 121. –
slab without decoration, partly buried, covered with lichen and moss, part of
the corner broken off at the east end, lying west – east; the stećak measures
218 x 142 x 23 cm.
Stećak no. 122. –
slab with decoration, covered with lichen and moss, lying west – east; the
stećak measures 255 x 131 x 31 cm.
The
surface of the stećak is decorated along the edges with a wide frame of anchor
motifs along the ends and sides.
St
Elijah's church in Kruševo is a single-nave neo-Romanesque
building consisting of a parvis, nave, transept with bell tower and
semicircular apse, forming a Latin cross in plan. The long arm of the cross
consists of the parvis, with a choir gallery over, and the nave, together
measuring 11.54 x 20.78 on the outside, with a height of 12.75 m. The transept
consists of the sacristy, bell tower and the part of the transept between the sacristy
and the bell tower belonging to the sanctuary. The transept measures 16.42 x
4.50 m on the outside; the sacristy is 7.09 m in height and the bell tower is
31.39 m high. The space between the sacristy and the bell tower measures 8.82 x
4.50 m on the outside, with a height of 11.07 m. The apse is semicircular, with
a diameter of 8.82 m and a radius of 4.40 m and an overall height of 11.07 m. The
outside walls of the church are 70 cm thick, those of the bell tower 1.05 m,
those of the apse 70 cm, and those of the sacristy 50 cm.
The main axis of the church from the entrance
to the apse lies southeast – northwest.
The entrance to the church is
accentuated by an entrance portal with a width of 3.50 m and a height of 4.74
m. The opening has a 44 cm frame projecting outwards from the wall face by 7
cm, consisting of 3.00 m high pilasters and a round arch of which the apex is
at a height of 4.74 m. A 15 cm wide band between the outer opening of the
portal and the door frame follows the outline of the frame. The outer opening
of the portal is 2.32 cm wide and 3.00 m high, and is also round-headed, with
the top of the arch at a height of 4.15 m. The inner door frame in the depth of
the wall, 34 cm from the outer frame, is 2.04 cm wide and 4.00 m high, also
terminating in a round arch. The double-valved entrance door is rectangular,
with a wooden lunette over filling the arch. Both valves of the door are
decorated with four small rectangles in the top and bottom registers, between
which is a long rectangle surrounding both small rectangles. The entrance door
measures 2.00 x 3.00 m.
The approach to the entrance portal is
accentuated by a flight of three steps with overall dimensions of 5.66 x 1.57
m. The first step, which is U-shaped, measures 1.57 x 5.66 x 1.57 m, with the
tread 30 cm wide and the riser 16 cm high. The second step, also U-shaped,
measures 1.27 x 5.06 x 1.27, with the tread 30 cm wide and the riser 16 cm
high. The third step is also the platform outside the portal, and is rectangular,
measuring 4.46 x 1.04 cm, with a riser of 16 cm.
The church also has a side entrance on the
south-west side in the third bay. The opening measures 1.30 x 1.95 m on the
outside and 1.20 x 1.95 on the inside, and is fitted with a solid wood double-valved
door measuring 1.20 x 1.90 m inset into the wall by 30 cm.
The approach to the side door is also
accentuated by a flight of two steps with overall dimensions of 2.85 x 0.65 cm.
The first, U-shaped step measures 0.65 x 2.75 x 0.75 m, with the tread 30 cm
wide and the riser 16 cm high; the second, rectangular step measures 2.15 x
0.30 x 16 cm. The door opening is 16 cm above the level of the second step.
The interior of the church consists of the
parvis, with a choir gallery over, the nave and the sanctuary. To the
south-west is the bell tower, and to the north-east the sacristy.
The parvis is by the main entrance to
the church, and measures 10.00 x 3.10 m on the inside. Here are two reinforced
concrete piers, 30 x 30 cm in section and 2.70 m in height, interlinked and
joined to the outside walls (south-east, south-west and north-east) by 30 x 25
cm reinforced concrete beams. The north-east pier is 3.16 m from the north-east
wall, the south-west pier is 3.16 m from the south-west wall, and the distance
between the two piers is 3.08 m. Both piers are 3.21 m from the south-east
wall.
A double flight L-shaped staircase without a
landing against the south-east wall of the parvis leads up into the choir
gallery. The staircase is 90 cm wide, with the flight by the south-west wall
1.33 m in length and the one by the south-east wall 1.05 m in length. The
staircase is provided on the side away from the walls with a reinforced
concrete wall 15 cm in thickness. The staircase has 18 steps with 19 risers;
the treads are 30 cm wide and the risers 16 cm high.
The parvis walls, piers and beams form the
partition wall between the parvis and the nave. Midway along the partition wall
is a double-valved door measuring 1.80 x 2.00 m leading from the parvis into
the nave.
The choir gallery above the parvis
consists of a rectangular space measuring 10.00 x 3.50 m and a cantilevered
projection measuring 3.60 x 0.90 ending in a quarter-circle with a radius of 80
cm at each end. The rectangle and cantilever form a single entity. The choir
gallery has a concrete railing 10 cm thick and 1.10 m high. The gallery is 2.95
m above floor level.
The round opening with a diameter of 1.30 m
in the south-east wall, at 5.80 m above floor level, is fitted with a fixed
steel window with crossbars forming a cross.
The nave between the parvis and the
sanctuary is rectangular in plan, measuring 10.00 x 15.25 m. Before the choir
gallery was built in 1962 the area now taken up by the parvis and choir gallery
formed part of the nave, which was then 20.00 m in length.
The south-west and north-east walls of the
nave each have four openings, the first two of which by the south-east wall are
now in the parvis and choir gallery. All these openings are identical, with
their parapets 2.60 m above floor level. They measure 1.62 x 3.35 m on the
inside, and are round-headed, of which the arch has a radius of 81 cm. The
splayed sides and arch narrow to round-headed openings of 1.00 x 3.15 m of
which the arch has a radius of 61 cm, where the windows are fitted. The openings
measure 1.22 x 3.15 m on the outside. The end windows in the south-west and
north-east walls, by the north-west wall next to the sanctuary, are fitted with
stained glass.
The south-west and north-east walls are
divided on the inside into four bays by pilasters 1.25 m wide and projecting
out from the wall face by 30 cm. Denoting these as pilasters 1 to 5 and 1' to
5' from the south-east wall to the transept at the north-west, pilasters 1 and
1' in the corner of the south-east and south-west/northwest wall respectively
are 54 cm long; the gap between 1 (1') and 2 (2') is 3.78 m, that between 2
(2') and 3 (3') and between 3 (3') and 4 (4') is 3.77 m, and the gap between 4
(4') and 5 (5') is 3.76 m. The walls with the pilasters are 5.87 m in height to
the reinforced concrete cornice.
The reinforced concrete cornice along the
south-west and north-east side walls of the nave is 40 cm in height (30 + 10)
and the same depth as the wall, 70 cm. On it, at a height of 6.43 m, are the
wooden bearing beams of the vault of the nave. These form a segmental arch
consisting of eight segments finished on the underside to form the soffit of
the vault. The segments are 25 cm high and 9 cm thick, and are approx. 1.33 m
long. The vault rests on 26 bearing beams set 61 cm, 71 cm and 100 cm apart,
which are fixed on the upper side to 5 x 8 cm wooden beams forming the
secondary structure of the vault, joining the wooden bearing beams in twelve
directions. A reinforcing structure with a horizontal steel tie 12 cm in height
was laid above the pilasters. The underside of the vault is clad with boards
and plastered. The daylight height of the barrel vault, from the reinforced
concrete cornice to the top, is 3.05 m, with the rise of the arch measuring
5.04 m. The height from floor level to the highest point of the barrel vault is
9.32 m.
The roof of the nave is a gabled hanging
truss roof with struts and cross stays providing support and adding rigidity on
both sides. The roof has five trusses resting on the side walls of the church
and supporting one ridge beam of 16 x 18 cm, two purlins of 18 x 22 cm and a
central 10 x 10 cm beam below the trusses supporting the wooden beams of the
vault. Above the reinforced concrete cornice of the south-west and north-east
walls is a masonry wall with a height of 1.64 m and a thickness of 55 cm on
which is a reinforced concrete beam 41 cm in height with a projection on the
outside on which the gutter rests. The wall above the first cornice of the nave
is 2.05 m in overall height and is 16 cm narrower on the inside, where the
lower wall plate of 16 x 18 cm rests on the reinforced concrete cornice. 16 x
16 cm posts set on the wall plate support the upper wall plate of 16 x 18 cm by
the final reinforced concrete beam. The posts are level with the roof beams
along the nave and attached to the upper wall plate by 16 x 16 cm members. On
the entrance wall, the ridge beam, purlins and wall plates rest on the roof
beam and are fitted into sockets in the wall. At the other end of the nave,
between it and the transept, is a reinforced concrete arch, 70 x 115 cm in
section, on which a stone wall 2.85 m high and 61 cm wide was built, forming a
space on the nave side for the roof beam on which this structural beam also
rests. The reinforced concrete arch has a daylight height of 1.56 m and width
of 6.00, with a rise of 3.25 m. It is 70 cm thick, 10.00 m in overall width,
and 2.71 m in overall height, and rests on the cross walls between the nave and
transept, which are 70 cm thick, 1.70 m long and 6.17 m high. Rafters were set
approx. 100 cm apart on the roof trusses. The roof is clad with sheet copper.
The final level of the roof of the nave is +12.28m.
The floor of the parvis, choir gallery and
nave consists of terrazzo tiles. The walls are plastered and left plain, without
murals.
The sanctuary consists of part of the
transept and the semicircular apse, and is separated from the nave by steps. The
first step is in the nave; it is 6.50 m long, with a tread of 1.40 m overall
(1.24 m to the wall between the nave and transept, with the remaining 16 cm in
the wall thickness, where it is 6.00 m long), and a rise of 17 cm. The second
step is 6.00 m long with a tread of 30 cm and a riser of 15 cm. The floor of
the sanctuary begins at a height of 15 cm from the second step, or 0.47 m above
the level of the nave floor.
The part of the transept that is in the
sanctuary is rectangular, measuring 7.40 x 3.50 m, and the semicircular apse
has a radius of 3.70 m and a diameter of 7.40 m adjoining the transept. Though
composed of these two areas, the sanctuary forms a single entity. The
semicircular apse has two windows, one facing west and the other north, their
parapets 2.10 m above floor level. They measure 1.62 x 3.35 m on the inside,
and are round-headed, of which the arch has a radius of 81 cm. The splayed
sides and arch narrow to round-headed openings of 0.90 x 2.80 m of which the
arch has a radius of 61 cm, where the windows are fitted. The openings measure
1.20 x 3.15 m on the outside. On the outside, the north (west) windows are 2.57
m along the arc of the apse wall from the outer edge of the north-west wall of
the transept. These windows are fitted with stained glass.
The roof structure of the sanctuary consists
of a gabled roof over the transept and a polygonal roof over the apse. The
structure of the gabled roof is simpler than that of the nave, consisting of
two simple hanging trusses set 3.35 m apart, joined by the 18 x 22 cm ridge
beam, and with 12 x 16 cm rafters resting on the ridge beam and the outside
walls. Rafters of 12 x 16 cm radiating from the truss next to the apse form the
polygonal roof of the apse.
To the north-east, by the north-west wall of
the transept in the sanctuary, is the door to the sacristy, an opening
measuring 1.20 x 2.00 m with a door of 1.00 x 2.00 m. The sacristy is a square
room with sides of 3.25 m and a window facing north-east with the parapet at a
height of 1.33 m above the sacristy floor. The opening measures 1.43 x 2.19 m
on the inside, and is round-headed, the arch with a radius of 81 cm. The
splayed sides and arch narrow to a round-headed opening of 0.95 x 1.80 m of
which the arch has a radius of 58.5 cm, where the windows are fitted. The
openings measure 1.17 x 2.10 m on the outside.
The daylight height of the sacristy to the
roof frame is 4.28 m. The roof is gabled, with the ridge level with the
junction of the north-west and north-east transept walls. The ridge of the
sacristy is at a height of 7.24 m above the nave floor (6.77 m above the
sacristy floor). The roof slopes to the north-east and north-west.
The door leading into the bell tower,
which measures 80 x 210 cm, is to the south-west, in the south-west wall of the
transept, 35 cm from the north-west wall of the transept.
The bell tower is square in plan, with sides
of 4.50 m on the outside, forming an integral part of the walls of the church
at ground-floor level, and 2.36 m on the inside. It is at a level of +0.47m
from the floor of the church. The outside walls of the bell tower are 1.05 m
thick at ground-floor level.
The bell tower also has a separate entrance
in the outside south-east wall, accentuated by a flight of four concrete steps
measuring 1.21 x 1.20 m. The treads are 30 cm wide and the five risers are 18.8
cm high. The opening for the door in the outside wall of the bell tower
measures 86 x 200 cm, with a splay on the inside to give it an opening of 98 cm
to the south-west. The metal door measures 85 x 200 cm. There is also a
vertical metal ladder in the ground floor of the bell tower, leading to the
first stage.
The first stage of the bell tower is at a
level of +4.49 (4.02m from the floor of the bell tower). At this level the
outside walls are thinner, at 90 cm; the exterior dimensions are the same, a
square with sides of 4.50 m, giving a space with sides of 2.66 m on the inside.
The slab between the ground floor and the first stage of the bell tower is of
reinforced concrete with a thickness of 12 cm and a 60 x 60 cm opening above
the metal steps leading up into the first stage. Here there is a steep double
flight of steps by the north-east and north-west walls, each flight with 12
risers, with a 60 x 60 cm landing between the flights, leading up to the second
stage of the bell tower. The first stage has no openings in the outside walls.
The second stage of the bell tower is at a
level of +9.52 (9.05m from the floor of the bell tower). From here up the bell
tower has reinforced concrete walls with a thickness of 40 cm. The exterior
dimensions remain the same, a square with sides of 4.50 m, giving a space with
sides of 3.66 m on the inside. The slab between the first and second stage of
the bell tower is of reinforced concrete with a thickness of 12 cm and a 60 x
60 cm opening above the steps from the first to the second stage. Here too
there are no openings in the outside walls.
The third stage of the bell tower is at a
level of +14.52 (14.05m from the floor of the bell tower). The reinforced
concrete walls are 30 cm thick at this level. The exterior dimensions remain
the same, a square with sides of 4.50 m, giving a space with sides of 3.86 m on
the inside. The slab between the second and third stage of the bell tower is of
reinforced concrete with a thickness of 12 cm and a 60 x 60 cm opening above
the steps from the second to the third stage. A vertical ladder on the north-west
wall of the third stage leads into the roof of the bell tower. The third stage
has identical openings on all four sides, consisting of biforate windows 2 x 75
cm wide with a height of 2.75 cm set 40 cm apart. The windows are arched. On
the façade is a band 25 cm deep above the biforate windows and echoing the
arches.
The vertical ladder of the third stage leads
into the roof of the bell tower, which consists of a reinforced concrete slab
12 cm thick with a 60 x 60 cm opening above them, on which rests the four-paned
roof with sides of 4.50 m and a height of 5.62 m composed of reinforced
concrete slabs 15 cm thick. A low wall of 2.20 m in height the top of which is
at a level of +22.60 (22.13m from the floor of the bell tower) rises from the
outside walls of the bell tower. Midway along each side of this wall is an
electric clock.
The metal structure of the copper-clad roof
is set above these walls at a level of +22'60. The roof structure forms a
four-paned roof with sides of 3.86 m and a height of 6.40 m, surmounted by a
cross with a height of 1.93. The overall height of the bell tower from ground
level to the top of the cross is 31.39 m.
The bell tower is also decorated with
pilasters with horizontal divisions at the corners. These pilasters are 93 cm in
width. They are found at the junction of the south-east and south-west walls at
ground-floor level and on the first stage; at the junction of the south-west
and north-west walls and a pilaster 19 cm wide at the angle of the north-west
wall of the bell tower and the semicircular apse wall.(24) From
the second stage of the bell tower on, there are 93 cm wide pilasters on all
four corners.
The socle of the bell tower is 47 cm in
height from ground level. Above it, the bell tower is articulated into stages 1,
2 and 3 and the roof by string courses. The first stage is 12.49 m in height
and is decorated with pilasters of the same height and shallow blind arcades
below the string course, six on each façade, with a height of 75 cm. The string
course above stage I projects beyond the blind arcades by 24 cm and is 18 cm in
height. Stage II is 7.74 m in height and has biforate openings on all four
sides at a height of 1.70 above the first string course. There are again blind
arcades with a height of 75 cm below the second string course, which projects
beyond the arcades by 10 cm and is 17 cm high. Stage II also has 93 cm wide
pilasters on all four corners, 7.74 m in height. Stage III of the bell tower is
2.04 cm in height, and has not only pilasters 93 cm wide and 2.04 m height on
all four corners but also four clock faces with a diameter of 1.30 m at a
height of 18 cm above the string course, one on each side, set in a tympanum
with sides 10 cm thick. The four-paned roof of the bell tower is clad with
sheet copper.
The south-east façade is the entrance
façade of the church. In addition to the entrance portal and oculus above it
already described, this façade is adorned with corner pilasters, 90 cm in width
and 8.34 m in height. The entrance portal and oculus are surrounded by a
projecting frame of two pilasters to left and right connected by a horizontal
band above the portal and window. The pilasters are 73 cm from the portal and
project out from the wall face by 7 cm. The horizontal band between the
pilasters is 30 cm in height. The south-east wall ends in the gable of the roof
over the nave, thus forming a tympanum with accentuated angled sides and a
cornice 33 cm thick. The tympanum has no horizontal cornice. The tympanum is
surmounted by a cross. The entrance façade of the bell tower is also visible to
the south-west as one faces the entrance façade.
The south-west façade of the church
consists of the parvis, nave, bell tower and apse, and is divided into four
bays by pilasters. Denoting these from south-east to north-west as (a), (b),
(c) and (d), (a) is at the junction of the south-west and south-east façades,
and is 90 cm wide and 8.34 m high. Next is (b), which is 4.47 m from (a) and is
70 cm wide and 8.34 m high. Pilaster (c) is 4.32 m from (b) and is of the same
width and height; pilaster (d) is 4.32 m from (c) and is again of the same
width and height. All the pilasters project out from the wall face by 7 cm. The
fourth bay, north-west of pilaster (d), is 4.60 m long, with the bell tower at
the end. The bell tower occupies a width of 4.50 m and has a height of 31.39 m.
Part of the semicircular apse is also visible on the south-west façade, with a
west-facing opening flanked by pilasters. The height of the semicircular apse
wall is 7.77 m from ground level to the top of the wall. The polygonal roof of
the apse rests on a reinforced concrete beam following the apse wall and
cantilevered out by 15 x 15 cm. The roof is 2.95 m in height from the cornice
to the ridge.
The north-west façade consists of the
apse, the north-west façade of the bell tower, the north-west façade of the
sacristy and a view of the nave. The apse is divided into five bays by four
pilasters 70 cm wide and 7.30 m high, projecting out from the wall face by 7
cm. The end pilasters are 95 cm along the arc of the apse from the north-west
wall of the bell tower (sacristy), and the two central pilasters are each 290
cm from the end ones along the arc of the apse.
The north-east façade consists of the
nave, sacristy and apse. Like the south-west façade, it is divided into four
bays by pilasters. Denoting these from south-east to north-west as (a'), (b'),
(c') and (d'), (a') is at the junction of the south-west and south-east [sic]
façades, and is 90 cm wide and 8.34 m high. Next is (b'), which is 4.47 m from
(a') and is 70 cm wide and 8.34 m high. Pilaster (c') is 4.32 m from (b) and is
of the same width and height; pilaster (d') is 4.32 m from (c) and is again of
the same width and height. All the pilasters project out from the wall face by
7 cm. The fourth bay, after pilaster (d'), is 4.67 m long; at the end of it is
the sacristy, which has a width of 4.50 m and a height of 6.00 m. Part of the
semicircular apse, with a north-facing window flanked by pilasters, can also be
seen on the south-west façade. The height of the semicircular apse wall is 7.77
m from ground level to the top of the wall. The polygonal roof of the apse
rests on a reinforced concrete beam following the apse wall and cantilevered
out by 15 x 15 cm. The roof is 2.95 m in height from the cornice to the ridge.
The foundations of the church are of rubble
stone and are on shallow footings, since the church was built on rock.
The socle of the church is of horizontal
courses of ashlar stone in lime mortar.
The walls are of rubble stone in lime mortar,
and are at their thinnest in the sacristy at 50 cm; they are 70 cm thick in the
rest of the church, and 105 cm thick at ground-floor level and 90 cm thick at
first-stage level of the bell tower. The walls of the second and third stages
of the bell tower are of reinforced concrete and are 40 cm and 30 cm thick
respectively.
The pilasters at the corners and along the
walls of the church are of ashlar blocks rather larger than those used for the
rest of the church, in lime mortar.
The church is plastered inside and out. The
interior has no murals.
The door and window lintels throughout, the
string courses and cornices of the church and bell tower and the top two stages
of the bell tower(25) are
of reinforced concrete.
Once the parish had been founded and the
church was built, work began on the interior furbishment. The stained glass,
altar, bell and font are original.
The church originally had four stained-glass
windows, two in the apse and two in the north and south walls next to the
sanctuary. Before repair works began on the church in 2009 the stained-glass
windows were removed to the treasury of the pastoral centre for safe keeping:
1. Anonymous artist,
Heart of Mary, 1968, stained glass, 280 x 90 cm. Kruševo: St Elijah’s parish
church. Gift of the Ereš family.
2. Anonymous artist,
Heart of Jesus, 1968, stained glass, 280 x 90 cm. Kruševo: St Elijah’s parish
church. Gift of the Ereš family.
3. Marijan Ilić (from a
drawing by Đuro Seder), Resurrection of Christ with Cardinal Alojzije Stepinac,
the Zagreb Cathedral and the armorials of the Republic of Croatia, 1995,
stained glass, 280 x 100 cm. Kruševo: St Elijah’s parish church. Gift of Don
Marijan Bevanda.
4. Marijan Ilić (from a
drawing by Đuro Seder), The Holy Family with Bishop Petar Čulo and the congregation
of the parish of Kruševo, 1995, stained glass, 280 x 100 cm. Kruševo: St
Elijah’s parish church. Gift of Don Marijan Bevanda.
The bell has been removed from the bell tower
and was found to be damaged, with signs of repairs, but no longer in a condition
to produce an appropriate sound. It will therefore be replaced by a new one. It
bears an inscription near the top with the date 1691.
The white marble altar is standing in the
churchyard. It is rectangular, on a base with a simple floral decoration, and
is also decorated with a cross with the body of Christ.
3. Legal status to date
The Regional Plan for BiH to 2000 lists 69
sites of necropolises with stećci (1208 tombstones) in the City of Mostar area
as Category III monuments, without precisely identifying them.(26)
The property is on the Provisional List of
National Monuments of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments under
serial no. 422.
A letter from the Institute for the
Protection of Monuments of the Federal Ministry of Culture and Sport, dated 26
June 2009, notes that the property is listed as:
-
Šarampovlje (Vitina)
Kruševo, Mostar. Mediaeval necropolis located alongside the Catholic church and
cemetery, late mediaeval times, 52 surviving stećci.
The property was not on the Register of
Cultural Monuments of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
4. Research and conservation
works
Research works, in the form of recording and
gathering information on the stećci, were carried out by Marko Vego and Šefik
Bešlagić and published in 1961 and 1971.
No conservation or restoration works have
been carried out apart from clearing the necropolis of shrubs and weeds and
levelling the stećci.
There is no information concerning research
or conservation works on St Elijah’s church in Kruševo.
5. Current condition of the
property
The findings of an on-site inspection
conducted on 16 June 2009 are as
follows:
-
the necropolis is
overgrown with tall trees, some of which have grown over some of the stećci,
but for Herzegovina, where there are very few trees, they create a very
appealing setting, providing natural shade and a place for visitors to rest in
the necropolis,
-
122 stećci (60
slab-shaped, 59 chest-shaped and three gabled) were recorded in the mediaeval
necropolis,
-
the tombstones are of
finely worked stone,
-
thirty of the
tombstones are decorated (22 slab-shaped, 7 chests and one gabled),
-
the stećci are at
risk of rapid deterioration as the result of lack of maintenance,
-
some of the stećci
are chipped, damaged, overturned or partly or wholly buried,
-
plant organisms
(lichen, moss and ivy) are growing on the stećci to a greater or lesser extent,
-
the site with the
stećci is being used to perform mass, and according to the parish priest, Ljubo
Planinić, some of the stećci have been moved from the original positions
because the necropolis was previously physical divided by a water-worn gully
filled with a thicket of shrubs covering most of the stećci,
-
the site of the
necropolis is now properly laid out, cleared and forming a single entity with
the plot where all the tombstones stand surrounded by a concrete wall,
-
during the survey of
the necropolis the parish priest, Ljubo Planinić, explained that grave no 107
had been closed when the necropolis was cleared, because it was completely
overgrown with shrubs,
-
at the same time, the
stećci were set level, and those that had fallen over or been shifted by the
water were moved to new positions.
St Elijah's church in Kruševo was damaged by
shelling in 1992. The damage is
recorded on the photographs(27) forming
an integral part of this Decision. The damage to the entrance façade was made
good in 1995-2000, when the damaged
copper roof cladding was also replaced with new cladding, also of copper.
Works carried out in 2008 have resulted in considerable changes to the original
condition of the church.
The plaster was stripped from the walls
inside the church, the choir gallery built in 1962 with its piers and foundations was removed, and the terrazzo
floors were taken up and destroyed. The stained glass windows in the windows of
the nave by the transept wall and in the apse windows have been removed and
placed in the parish hall. The board ceiling has been removed, leaving the
structure of the barrel vault exposed. The render has been stripped from the
walls of the church and the stone walls of the bell tower, leaving the stone
exposed.
During an on-site inspection on 9 June 2009,
new interventions were observed, carried out in early 2009.
New reinforced concrete columns of Ø440 in
section have been erected in the church to support a newly-built choir gallery.
This differs in size and appearance from the original, and is 3.00 m above
floor level. The flights of steps to the main entrance to the church, the side
entrance and the entrance to the bell tower have been demolished. On the inside
walls, there are signs of damage caused by anchoring the interior scaffolding
to the walls which, when removed, has left irregularly-shaped holes of about 25
x 25 x 25 cm in the walls.
6. Specific risks
-
disintegration of the
site as the result of long-term neglect,
-
adverse weather
conditions,
-
self-sown vegetation.
III – CONCLUSION
Applying the Criteria for the adoption of a
decision on proclaiming an item of property a national monument (Official
Gazette of BiH nos. 33/02 and 15/03), the Commission has enacted the Decision
cited above.
A. Time
frame
B. Historical
value
C. Artistic
and aesthetic value
C.i.
quality of workmanship
C.ii.
quality of materials
C.iii.
proportions
C.iv.
composition
C.v.
value of details
C.vi.
value of construction
D. Clarity
(documentary, scientific and educational value)
D.i.
material evidence of a lesser known
historical era
D.iv.
evidence of a particular type, style
or regional manner
E. Symbolic
value
E.i.
ontological value
E.ii.
religious value
E.iii.
traditional value
E.v.
significance for the identity of a
group of people
G. Authenticity
G.i.
form and design
G.ii.
material and content
G.iii.
use and function
G.iv.
traditions and techniques
G.v.
location and setting
G.vi.
spirit and feeling
G.vii.
other internal and external factors
H. Rarity
and representativity
H.i.
unique or rare example of a certain
type or style
The following documents form an integral part
of this Decision:
-
Copy of cadastral
plan
-
Copy of land register
entry and proof of title
-
Photodocumentation:
photographs taken on site
Bibliography
During the procedure to designate the
property as a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina the following works
were consulted:
1895. Fiala, Franjo. “Prilozi k rimskoj
arheologiji Hercegovine” (Contributions to the Roman archaeology of
Herzegovina), Jnl of the National museum,
1895, vol. III, National Museum. Sarajevo: 1895, 370.
1961. Vego, Marko. “Novi i revidirani natpisi iz
Hercegovine” (New and revised epitaphs from Herzegovina), Jnl of the National Museum in Sarajevo, archaeology, no. XV- XVI,
National Museum. Sarajevo: 1961, 277-278.
1962. Vego, Marko. Zbornik srednjovjekovnih natpisa Bosne i Hercegovine (Collected
Epitaphs from Bosnia and Herzegovina), National Museum in Sarajevo, vol. 1.
Sarajevo: 1962, 18-21.
1971. Bešlagić, Šefik. Stećci, kataloško-topografski pregled (Stećci, a Catalogue and
Topographical Overview). Sarajevo: 1971, 340.
1980. Various authors. Regional Plan for Bosnia and Herzegovina; Stage B - valorization of
natural, cultural and historical monuments. Sarajevo: Institute for
architecture, town planning and regional planning of the Faculty of
Architecture in Sarajevo, 1980, 52.
1982. Anđelić, Pavao. “Teritorijalno politička
organizacija župe Neretve i njezino mjesto u širim političkim okvirima”
(Territorial and political organization of the Neretva County and its place in
the broader political context), In: Studije
o teritorijalnopolitičkoj organizaciji srednjovjekovne Bosne (Studies on
the territorial and political organization of mediaeval Bosnia). Sarajevo:
1982, 117-141.
1982. Bešlagić, Šefik. Stećci. Kultura i umjetnost (Stećak tombstones – culture and art).
Sarajevo: Veselin Masleša, 1982.
1988. Arheološki
leksikon Bosne i Hercegovine (Archaeological Lexicon of Bosnia and
Herzegovina). Sarajevo: 1988, 301, 305.
2004. Planinić, Ljubo. Zbornik radova o don Anti Romiću (1903.-1964), Ponosan i neustrašiv
(Collected Papers on Don Anto Romić (1903-1964), Proud and Intrepid). Kruševo –
Mostar: 2004.
2008. Project for repair and
conservation-restoration works on the parish church of St Elijah in Kruševo.
Municipality Mostar, drawn up by the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the
University Mostar, January 2008
(1) Arheološki
leksikon Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo: 1988, 305
(2) Fiala, Franjo, “Prilozi k rimskoj
arheologiji Hercegovine”, Jnl of the
National Museum, 1895, vol. III, Sarajevo: 1895, 370.
(3) Anđelić, Dr. Pavao, “Teritorijalnopolitička
organizacija srednjovjekovne župe Neretve i njezino mjesto u širim političkim
okvirima” in Studije o
teritorijalnopolitičkoj organizaciji srednjovjekovne Bosne, Sarajevo: 1982, 117-141.
(4) For more on the formation of the parish
and finding a place to build the parish church, see Zbornik radova o don Anti Romiću (1903-1964), Ponosan i neustrašiv,
ed. Don Ljubo Planinić. Kruševo – Mostar: 2004, 371.
(5) A photograph of the chapel in Kruševo
was published in the Glasnik Srca Isusova
i Marijina no. 7 (July) 1934, 216.
(6) “Župna crkva i drugi objekti” in Zbornik
radova o don Anti Romiću (1903-1964), Ponosan i neustrašiv, ed. Don Ljubo
Planinić, Kruševo-Mostar: 2004, 479.
(7) The church in Stolac is
a neo-Romantic single-nave structure of cruciform (Latin cross) plan. The
interior is divided into bays; to the right of the apse is the sacristy, and to
the left the bell tower. It has a gabled roof with a barrel vault in the
interior. The façade of the church is decorated with mouldings of blind arcades
and pilaster-strips.
(8) “Župna crkva i drugi
objekti” in Zbornik radova o don Anti Romiću (1903-1964), Ponosan i neustrašiv,
ed. Don Ljubo Planinić, Kruševo-Mostar: 2004, 477.
(9) ibid
(10) This project is not in
the Kruševo parish office (not supplied to Commission staff for inspection).
The information is cited by the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University
of Mostar in section 1.4.2. Historical Context; p 10: Project for repair and
conservation-restoration works on the parish church of St Elijah in Kruševo.
Municipality Mostar, January 2008.
(11) Nothing is known about
the original appearance and structure of the ceiling; the present-day ceiling
dates from 1973. Translator's note: the word strop, here translated as ceiling,
means an (intermediate) floor.
(12) Photographs of the construction by the
Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University of Mostar, featuring in section
1.5.2. Historical Analysis, p.4; Project for repair and
conservation-restoration works on the parish church of St Elijah in Kruševo.
Municipality Mostar, January 2008.
(13) M. Vego recorded a “necropolis with 70
stećci of various shapes” on this site (M. Vego, “Novi i revidirani natpisi iz
Hercegovine,” Jnl of the National Museum,
Naše starine vol. XV-XVI, Sarajevo,
1961, 277-278); and Š. Bešlagić a necropolis with 52 stećci (10 slabs, 39
chests and 3 gabled). (Š. Bešlagić, Stećci,
kataloško-topografski pregled, Sarajevo: 1971, 340).
(14)
Vego, Marko, op.cit., 277.
(15) Vego, Marko, op.cit., 277, 278. Vego
also notes that these two epitaphs were also recorded by M. Hoernes during his
survey of the area around the Mostar wetlands, and were published in 1880 in
“Alterthümer der Hercegovina”, Sitzungsberichte, but that he had been unable to
decipher them. M Vego also published details of the epitaphs on the stećci in
Kruševo in Zbornik srednjovjekovnih
natpisa Bosne i Hercegovine, vol.1, Sarajevo: National Museum, 1962, 18-21.
(16) While verifying the classification of
the stećci by type, I found a reference by Š. Bešlagić to the presence of
chest-shaped tombstones with a step at the end or side (Šefik Bešlagić, Stećci – kultura i umjetnost, Sarajevo,
1982, 87). This stećak and stećak no. 4 could form a single entity and have a
step to the side, but this was not noted during the on-site survey, and it
would be important to re-check these two stećci during a future visit to
Kruševo.
(17) Bešlagić, Šefik, op.cit., 1982, 87
(18) Translator’s note: this
transliteration, which differs in detail from that given above, is given as in
the original of this Decision.
(19) Information on the removal of the
stećak to this position from parish priest Ljubo Planinić.
(20) Bešlagić, Šefik, Stećci, kataloško-topografski pregled, Sarajevo, 1971, 340.
(21) Wenzel, Marian, Ukrasni motivi na stećcima, Sarajevo: 1965.
(22) Vego, Marko, op.cit.,
1961, 277.
(23) I was unable to record
this epitaph, and even M Vego noted that he had difficulty in deciphering it
because the letters were badly weathered. (M. Vego, op.cit.,1961, 278). Details
of the epitaph may also be found in Vego, Marko, Zbornik srednjovjekovnih natpisa Bosne i Hercegovine, vol. 1,
Sarajevo: National Museum, 1962, 18-21.
(24) Translator’s note: punctuation as in
the original.
(25) Works on the church and bell tower
carried out in 1991.
(26) Various authors, Prostorni plan Bosne i Hercegovine, faza b – valorizacija, prirodne i
kulturno-historijske vrijednosti, Sarajevo: Institute of Architecture, Town
Planning and Spatial Planning of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo and
Planning Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, 1980, 51.
(27) Photographs from the Faculty of Civil
Engineering of the University of Mostar, Projekat sanacijskih,
konzervatorsko-restauratorskih radova na župnoj crkvi Sv. Ilije Proroka u
Kruševu, općina Mostar; January 2008.
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