Status of monument -> National monument
Published in the “Official Gazette of BiH”, no. 47/04.
Pursuant to Article V para. 4 Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Article 39 para. 1 of the Rules of Procedure of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments, at a session held from 6 to 11 December 2003 the Commission adopted a
D E C I S I O N
I
The historic site of the harem of the Pećinska (Sefer-beg) mosque in Banja Luka is hereby designated as a National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter: the National Monument).
The National Monument consists of the harem with nišan tombstones alongside the Pećinska mosque.
The National Monument is located on cadastral plot no. 1199 (new survey), corresponding to c.p. 37/3 (old survey) c.m. Banja Luka VIII-5, municipality Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The building being built on the site of the Pećinska mosque demolished in 1993 is not subject to protection since it has not been built in conformity with the state of the building before demolition and has not been rehabilitated in compliance with the Law on the Implementation of Decisions of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments established pursuant to Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of Republika Srpska no. 9/02) and other valid regulations, standards and principles of protection, and thus does not meet the Criteria for the designation of property as national monuments (Official Gazette of BiH nos. 33/02 and 15/03).
The provisions relating to protection and rehabilitation measures set forth by the Law referred to in the above paragraph shall apply to the National Monument.
II
The Government of Republika Srpska shall be responsible for ensuring and providing the legal, scientific, technical, administrative and financial measures necessary to protect, conserve, display and rehabilitate the National Monument.
The Commission to Preserve National Monuments (hereinafter: the Commission) shall determine the technical requirements and secure the funds for preparing and setting up signboards with the basic data on the monument and the Decision to proclaim the property a National Monument.
III
The following measures shall be implemented:
- the original use of the protected site may not be altered;
- the epigraphic material of the burial ground shall be documented, the harem shall be set in order and damaged nišan tombstones shall be repaired;
- the site of the harem shall be fenced off in a suitable manner using information on the original manner in which it was fenced.
IV
All executive and area development planning acts not in accordance with the provisions of this Decision are hereby revoked.
V
Everyone, and in particular the competent authorities of Republika Srpska, and urban and municipal authorities, shall refrain from any action that might damage the National Monument or jeopardize the preservation and rehabilitation thereof.
VI
The Government of Republika Srpska, the Ministry responsible for regional planning in Republika Srpska and the heritage protection authority of Republika Srpska, and the Municipal Authorities in charge of urban planning and land registry affairs, shall be notified of this Decision in order to carry out the measures stipulated in Articles II to V of this Decision, and the Authorized Municipal Court shall be notified for the purposes of registration in the Land Register.
VII
The elucidation and accompanying documentation form an integral part of this Decision, which may be viewed by interested parties on the premises or by accessing the website of the Commission (http://www.aneks8komisija.com.ba)
VIII
Pursuant to Art. V para 4 Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, decisions of the Commission are final.
IX
This Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption and shall be published in the Official Gazette of BiH.
This Decision has been adopted by the following members of the Commission: Zeynep Ahunbay, Amra Hadžimuhamedović, Dubravko Lovrenović, Ljiljana Ševo and Tina Wik.
No: 07-6-1079/03
6 December 2003
Sarajevo
Chair of the Commission
Ljiljana Ševo
E l u c i d a t i o n
I – INTRODUCTION
Pursuant to Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Law on the Implementation of the Decisions of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments, established pursuant to Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a “National Monument” is an item of public property proclaimed by the Commission to Preserve National Monuments to be a National Monument pursuant to Articles V and VI of Annex 8 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and property entered on the Provisional List of National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of BiH no. 33/02) until the Commission reaches a final decision on its status, as to which there is no time limit and regardless of whether a petition for the property in question has been submitted or not.
The Commission received a petition from the Islamic Community of BiH, Majlis of Banja Luka, on 27 August 2002.
Pursuant to the provisions of the law, the Commission proceeded to carry out the procedure for reaching a final decision to designate the Property as a National Monument, pursuant to Article V of Annex 8 and Article 35 of the Rules of Procedure of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments.
II – PROCEDURE PRIOR TO DECISION
In the procedure preceding the adoption of a final decision to proclaim the property a national monument, the following documentation was inspected:
- Data on the current condition and use of the property, including a description and photographs, data of war damage, data on restoration or other works on the property, etc,
- The current condition of the property,
- Documentation on the location and current owner and user of the property (copy of cadastral plan and copy of land registry entry),
- Historical, architectural and other documentary material on the property, as set out in the bibliography forming part of this Decision.
The findings based on the review of the above documentation and the current condition of the site are as follows:
1. Details of the property
Location
The Sefer-beg mosque is in Pećina mahala, from which it obtained its other name, on the corner of Omladinska and Duško Košćica streets, in the north-western quarter of Banja Luka, c.m. 1199 (new survey), equivalent to c.p. 37/3 (old survey), c.m. Banja Luka VIII-5, municipality Banja Luka, owner Board of the Islamic Community of Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Historical information
There is no reference to the Sefer-beg mahala in the 1604 census of the Bosnian sandžak(1).
The Sefer-beg mosque probably dated from the early 17th century, given that Sefer spahija wrote his vakufnama in 1618(2). (Collection of oriental ms, “Manus scripta turcica” no 4464, Oriental Institute), in which he refers to the construction of a mosque and mekteb and to an endowment in the sum of 195,000 akča which he bequeathed for the maintenance of the mosque and the mekteb he built near it.
Sefer-beg himself is known to have led an insurrection in Krajina in 1603 against Dželali Hasan pasha, the Bosnian beglerbeg, following which the latter was banished from Bosnia.
The 1851 census of Banja Luka mahalas and houses refers to Pećina mahala, which at that time had 25 houses, whose inhabitants were liable to pay tax of 2250 groschen, and also to Seferaga’s mahala(3), which at that time had 17 houses and whose inhabitants were liable to pay tax of 1530 groschen(4).
A harem soon developed around the mosque, with a large number of nišan tombstones of various periods and varying value.
2. Description of the property
Architecture
The mosque belonged to the type of single-space mosque with hipped roof and wooden minaret. In 1983, Banja Luka had a total of eight mosques with wooden minarets, six in Donji Šeher and two in Novoselija. The Seferbeg mosque (prayer space measuring 7.20 x 8.00 m)(5) and the Mehdibeg mosque (prayer space measuring 7.60 x 9.40 m), along with the Hajji Osman mosque (prayer space measuring 7.30 x 7.30 m) and the Salihija mosque, form a group of mosques with wooden minarets where the central prayer space was larger (Bećirbegović: 1999, pp. 125-126).
According to available technical documentation(6), the building measured approx. 8.60 x 14.15 m, with the interior approx. 7.10 x 8.10 m, the entrance sofas (with the passage between them about 230 cm wide) were open, and the whole building had a single roof.
The walls were approx. 75 cm thick(7), and were whitewashed inside and out(8).
The mosque was entered from the north-west through a portal with a moulded frame adorned on the inside with a pointed arch with a tassel(9). This interesting treatment was probably modelled on the Arnaudija mosque, which was nearby(10). There were two windows on each façade, fitting with strong wrought iron bars. A photograph taken in October 1965 shows that the roof above the sofas rested on a total of six wooden pillars, four of which were to the front(11).
The floor of the exterior sofas was raised above the level of the paved entrance and covered with boards. A photograph of the mosque taken in 1993(12) shows that the sofa railing was of 3 x 5 cm uprights about 100-120 cm tall and set about 4-5 cm apart (similar to the fences around the courtyards of houses), but a photograph taken in October 1965(13) shows the sofa railing to have been made of close-set boards about 20-25 cm wide and 100-120 cm tall, with 1-2 cm gaps between. The mosque had a hipped roof, and was originally clad with shingles. The 1965 photograph shows the roof clad with plain double-overlapped tiles(14), and sources in writing dating from 1975(15) also refer to plain tiles as the roof cladding, while at the time the mosque was destroyed the cladding was of grooved tiles(16).
The minaret was wooden, emerging from the roof, and had a covered šerefe; the alem (finial) had three pommels(17). The minaret had very small apertures on the šerefe (so-called “blind” minaret). (Bećirbegović: 1999, p. 126)
According to written sources, almost all the minarets were octagonal, an about 8 m high from the floor of the attic area to the alem of the minaret. According to available techical documentation(18), the height from ground level (outside the exterior sofas) to the alem was approx. 11.80 m. The šerefe was somewhat wider (approx. 10cm), and all the minarets were plain and unadorned (Bećirbegović: 1999, p. 126).
There were windows only at ground floor level, with none at the upper floor level. (It was common for upper floor windows to be walled up in Banja Luka’s mosques.) The mihrab was emphasized by a rectangular border about 175-180 cm wide and about 420 cm high(19). The bands of the mihrab niche were decorated with triangles indicated by double engraved lines. The niche itself was left flat, but engraved lines created the impression of stalactite decoration(20) (Bećirbegović: 1999, pp. 149-151).
The mimber is probably of more recent workmanship, with a wooden passage, stairway and canopy, painted white and without significant decorative features. At the bottom of the mimber are three apertures in the shape of arches, and the passage through the mimber beneath the baldaquin and the portal area have round arches. There are no inscriptions on the mimber(21).
The mahfil was probably original, since it rested on wooden pillars reinforced by saddles. This area was reached via a steep wooden staircase to the right of the entrance door, and had a railing made to the trabozan system, in other words of simple wooden uprights(22). In modern times part of the area below the mahfil was used for religious education(23). (24)
The harem of the mosque contains nišans with turbans, as well as some particularly decorative ones with decorative borders of twisted bands, one especially striking for its wealth of motifs and mouldings, borders and calligraphy.
The following is a description of the nišan tombstones.
Nišan no. 1
A stone tufa nišan with a circumference of 89 cm and a height of 55 cm.
Nišan no. 2
A grave with a broken stone surround.
Nišan no. 3
A man's tufa nišan with a border-region type turban surrounded with a twisted band, rectangular in cross-section, 21 x 19 cm, height 120 cm, with an epitaph in Arabic:
هو الباقي المرحوم جيوان محرم اغا ابن عارف اغا لروحهما الفاتحة سنة 1321
He is the Eternal. Čejvan Muharem-aga son of Arif-aga, rest his soul. Fatiha for their souls. 1321 (1903/1904).
Nišan no. 4
A man's tufa nišan with turban, square in cross-section 14 x 14 cm, height 75 cm.
Nišan no. 5
A woman's stone nišan with binding on the cap, measuring 17 x 11.5 x 87 cm.
Nišan no. 6
A broken stone nišan measuring 21.5 x 9 x 88 cm with damaged inscription.
هو الباقي مرحومة جواهره بنت نائم افندي ....لروحها فاتحة .... تاريخ وفاتها 25.9.1921
He is the Eternal. Dževahira daughter of Naim effendi, rest her soul ….Fatiha for her soul…..The date of her death is 25. 09. 1921.
Nišan no. 7
A stone nišan measuring 17 x 9 x 74 cm with epitaph.
يا هو الموت شراب كل الناس شاربون مرحومة عائشة بنت احمد بك قبتانويك روحيجون فاتحة سنة 1328
O He. Death is a beverage that all shall drink. Aiša daughter of Ahmed-beg Kapetanović, rest her soul. Fatiha for her soul. 1328 (1910).
Nišan no. 8
A stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 10 x 19 cm, height 62 cm.
Nišan no. 9
A woman's stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 19 x 10 cm, height 118 cm, with a tarih in Arabic at the end of which is a stylized carved heart.
يا واقفا بقبري كن متفكرا بحالي كنت امث مثلك غدا تصير مثلي المرحومة جواهره خانم بنت الحاج عبد الكريم اغا كيوان لروحهما الفاتحة في .... ذي القعده شريف سنة 1342
You who stand at my grave reflect on my condition, yesterday I was as you are and tomorrow shall you be as I am. Dževahira-hanum daughter of hajji Abdulkerim-aga Čejvan, rest her soul. Fatiha for their souls. …Dhu l-Qa'dah 1342 (June 1924).
Nišan no. 10
A man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 18 x 16 cm, height108 cm, with tarih in Arabic.
يا هو الموت شراب كل الناس شاربون و الكفن باب كل الناس لابسون مرحوم حجي كريم اغا ...
O Je. Death is a beverage that all shall surely drink, the shroud is a garment that all shall surely wear. Hajji Kerim-aga, rest his soul….
Nišan no. 11
Remains of a woman's stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 15.5 x 15 cm, height 57 cm.
Nišan no. 12
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 15 x 14 cm, height 102 cm.
Nišan no. 13
Man's stone nišan with fez, of rectangular cross-section, 15 x 14 cm, height 88 cm, with damaged tarih, in a metal railing
الله باقي المرحوم و المغفور ....... سنة 1932
Allah is eternal. Pardoned, rest his soul …. 1932.
Nišan no. 14
Man's stone nišan with turban, square in cross-section 15 x 15 cm, height 96 cm, with tarih in Arabic.
هو الباقي المرحوم و المغفور المحتاج الي رحمة ربه الغفور كيوان عاكف بن اسماعيل لروحهما الفاتحة سنة 1285
He is the Eternal. Čejvan Akif son of Ismail, rest his soul, pardoned, needing the mercy of the Lord Who pardoneth. Fatiha for their souls. 1285 (1869/1869).
Nišan no. 15
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 18 x 14 cm, height 36 cm, sunken into the ground.
Nišan no. 16
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 17 x 16 cm, height 52 cm, with tarih in Arabic.
يا هو الموت شراب كل الناس شاربون ...محمد عارف...
O He. Death is a beverage that all shall surely drink, Muhamed Arif …
Nišan no. 17
Damaged stone nišan.
Nišan no. 18
Man's stone nišan with turban, square in cross-section 14 x 14 cm, height 58 cm, damaged.
Nišan no. 19
Man's stone nišan with turban, sunken into the ground so that only the turban is protruding above ground.
Nišan no. 20
Woman's stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 27 x 7.5 cm, height 120 cm, no epitaph.
Nišan no. 21
Man's nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 24 x 17 cm, height 120 cm, with tarih in Arabic.
اه من الموت الموت شراب كل الناس شاربون...كيوان صالح اغا .... سنة 1308
O death. Death is a beverage that all shall surely drink … Čejvan Salih-aga … 1308 (1890/1891).
Nišan no. 22
Woman's stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 21 x 11 cm, height 48 cm, no epitaph.
Nišan no. 23
Man's stone nišan with turban, square in cross-section 17 x 17 cm, height 118 cm, with tarih in Arabic.
يا هو الموت شراب كل الناس شاربون مرحوم امين اغا سنة 1322 كيوان روحيجون الفاتحة
O He. Death is a beverage that all shall surely drink. Emin-aga Čejvan, rest his soul. 1322 (1904/1905). Fatiha for his soul.
Nišan no. 24
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 16 x 14 cm, height 88 cm, no epitaph.
Nišan no. 25
Woman's stone nišan of rectangular cross-section, 19 x 8 cm, height 40 cm, no tarih.
Nišan no. 26
Man's stone nišan with turban, square in cross-section, 12 x 12 cm, height 40 cm, no epitaph.
Nišan no. 27
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 15 x 12 cm, height 48 cm, no epitaph.
Nišan no. 28
Man's stone nišan with turban, of rectangular cross-section, 16 x 15 cm, height 78 cm, no epitaph, fallen over.
The burial ground also has a large number of concrete tombstones, since burials were conducted here until the 1950s.
3. Legal status to date
The building was not subject to protection nor entered in the Register of Monuments.
4. Research and conservation and restoration works
Prior to the demolition of the building, no research or conservation works had been carried out.
After World War II the minaret was renovated and the roof cladding replaced.
5. Current condition of the building
The building was dynamited and set on fire on 9 April 1993 and then demolished by bulldozer, which also damaged the tombstones near the mosque. In September 1994 the material remains were removed from the site of the mosque to a dump(25).
On 28 November 2003 an onsite inspection was conducted when it was ascertained that a new mosque has been built on the site of the demolished mosque. The new building measures approx. 9.50 x 13.55 and was erected on a concrete base. The building is approx. 540 cm high from floor level to the vjenčanica beam(26). The building is constructed of brickblocks given rigidity with a reinforced concrete structure of horizontal and vertical ringbeams. The roof structure is timber, and the hipped roof is clad with curved tiles; the guttering and flashing are of galvanized iron. In the interior, a mahfil has been built of reinforced concrete consisting of a slab set on a reinforced concrete joist. There are two rows of windows (the upper arched, the lower all rectangular); there are eight windows in two rows on the south-west façade, and the windows of the minaret are at mahfil level; the north-west entrance façade has a row of four upper windows and two apertures at ground level for the entrance door and two smaller windows; the north-east façade has eight windows in two rows; and the south-east façade has a row of three upper windows and two lower windows. At the time of the inspection, work had not begun on the minaret but a wide hole had been dug by the south-west wall(27).
The building does not correspond to the building prior to demolition and has not been rehabilitated in accordance with the Law on the implementation of decisions of the Commission and other regulations, standards and principles of protection. The works have been carried out without the approval of the relevant ministry and without the agreement of the relevant heritage protection authority (the municipal authority responsible for town planning matters has not issued a permit).
An on-site inspection in November 2003 ascertained that the north-eastern part of the burial ground is again in active use.
III - CONCLUSION
Applying the Criteria for the adoption of a decision on proclaiming an item of property a national monument (Official Gazette of BiH nos. 33/02 and 15/03), the Commission has enacted the Decision cited above.
A. Time frame
B. Historical value
E. Symbolic value
E.ii. religious value
E.v. significance for the identity of a group of people
The following documents form an integral part of this Decision:
- Copy of cadastral plan
- Copy of land register entry and proof of title;
- Photodocumentation;
- Drawings
Bibliography
During the procedure to designate the harem of the Sefer-beg mosque in Banja Luka as a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina the following works were consulted:
Banja Luka, Town plan, Documentation, Historic development and heritage, Cultural and historical heritage, Town planning institute of Banja Luka, 1975
Bećirbegović, Madžida, Džamije s drvenom munarom u Bosni i Hercegovini (Mosques with wooden minarets in BiH) 2nd ed, Sarajevo, 1999
Bejtić, Alija, “Banja Luka pod turskom vladavinom, Arhitektura i teritorijalni razvitak grada u 16. i 17. vijeku”, (Banja Luka under Turkish rule, Architecture and territorial development of the town in the 16th and 17th centuries), Naše starine I (Annual of the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of SR BiH), Sarajevo, 1953
General census of the Bosnian sandžak for 1604, Vol. III (Original title: Defter-i-mufassal-i liva-i Bosna cild salis, Ankara, Tapu Kadastro, Kuyûd-1 Kadîme Arşivi TD 479), Sarajevo: Bosniac Institute Zűrich, Sarajevo Branch: Oriental Institute, 2000
Husedžinović, Sabira, “Vakufname – značajni istorijski izvori za upoznavanje urbane topografije Banjaluke XVI-XIX vijeka” (Vakufnamas – important historical sources for determining the urban topography of Banja Luka in the 16th-19th centuries), Journal of the Archives and Archivists’ Society of BiH, vol. 30,
Husedžinović, Sabira, study of the harem of the Pećinska mosque drawn up for the Commission to Preserve National Monuments on the basis of the material in the m/s of the unpublished work: Dokumenti opstanka, džamije u Banjoj Luci (Documents on the survival of the mosque in Banja Luka), 2003
Kreševljaković, Hamdija, Izabrana djela II, “Esnafi i obrti u Bosni i Hercegovini (1463-1878)” (Selected works II, Guilds and crafts in BiH 1463-1878), Sarajevo, 1991
Mujezinović, Mehmed, Islamska epigrafika Bosne i Hercegovina, kn. 2, Istočna i centralna Bosna, (Islamic epigraphics of BiH, vol. 2, eastern and central Bosnia), 3rd ed, Sarajevo, 1998
Architectural documentation originating from prior to 1995 (source: drawings from Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
Report by the Banja Luka Mufti’s office on the condition of the Islamic Community, religious and cultural buildings and vakuf property, Banja Luka, April 2000
(1) General census of the Bosnian sandžak for 1604, Vol. III (Original title: Defter-i-mufassal-i liva-i Bosna cild salis, Ankara, Tapu Kadastro, Kuyûd-1 Kadîme Arşivi TD 479), Sarajevo: Bosniac Institute Zűrich, Sarajevo Branch: Oriental Institute, 2000
(2) As well as the most important vakufnamas (of Sofi Mehmed-pasha and Ferhad-pasha Sokolović), which are evidence of building activity in Banja Luka during the period of the Bosnian pashaluk, there are also a certain number of vakufnamas relating to buildings erected in Banja Luka from the 17th to the 20th century.
The vakufnama of Sefer-spahija, dating from 1618, was written in Ottoman Turkish with calligraphically treated motifs and numerous decorative features. It is a comprehensive document, with precise directions on the way funds are to be used for the maintenance of the mosque and mekteb: “First he erected and endowed a noble place of worship on the said site, and close by a fine and striking mekteb. . . Of the finest wealth he had acquired he set aside the sum of 194.000 akča”. This money was intended for the maintenance of the buildings and for making loans at interest, and for ensuring that prayers were performed and to pay the wages and expenses of religious officials and the mutevelija of the vakuf. Among the numerous witnesses to the vakufnama are the names of twelve merchants from Banja Luka and one musician. A particularly valuable feature of the vakufnama is that by identifying the witnesses it is easier to determine the dates of other buildings bearing their names. For example, Sefer-spahija’s vakufnama was witnessed by Hajii-Omer (who is assumed to have been the founder of the mosque in Dolac), Mehdi-beg (legator of the eponymous mosque in na Hiseti) and Hajji-Husein (founder of the Hajji-Baba mosque). In addition to its documentary importance for a study of the urban development of Banja Luka, the vakufnama is also significant in providing information on the occupations of its signatories, providing an insight into the population structure at that time and allowing us to ascertain that in the early 17th century Banja Luka had many trade features (Husedžinović: 1990, pp. 95-115).
(3) In his work Bejtić also calls the Pećinska mosque the Seferaga mosque:”…With the erection of his numerous endowments, which became the heart of the subsequent Donji Šeher, he initiated another great period of building in Banja Luka, and the town began from then on to develop in all four directions. In less than fifty years eight mahalas arose on the left bank of the Vrbas from Crkvina brook south: the Daudija or, as they still call it after the neighbouring medresa already referred to, the Medreska mosque, the Arnaudija or Teftedarija, in Pobrđa the Hajji Osmanija, the Simidija, under Lauš the Seferaga or Pećinska, and further to the south and Gornji Šeher the Ajdipasha, Hajji baba or Šarena and the Medibeg [mosques]. …” (Bejtić: 1953, p. 103)
(4) data from document (doc.no. 139, folio 6a) in the State Archives in Sarajevo. (Bejtić: 1953, p. 115)
(5) another source in writing gives different dimensions for the interior of the Sefer-beg mosque of 6.90m wide x 7.75m long x 4.25m high. (Banja Luka, Town plan, Documentation, Historic development and heritage, Cultural and historical heritage, Town planning institute of Banja Luka, 1975)
(6) technical drawings: ground plan, cross section, façades. (source: documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović).
(7) source as n. 6
(8) from available photograph of the exterior of the mosque taken in October 1965 (source photograph: Museum of the Bosnian Krajina, Banja Luka, inv.no. F IT 365) and photograph of the interior of the mosque. (source: documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović).
(9) drawing of portal (Bećirbegović: 1999, p. 171)
(10) description of the portal of the Sefer-beg mosque given by Prof. Madžida Bećirbegović: “In the case of the portals of the Sefer-beg and Mehdi-beg mosques in Banja Luka, the niche over the portal terminates in a high arch modelled on the portal of the Ferhadija mosque in Banja Luka”. (Bećirbegović: 1999, p. 173)
(11) (photograph: Museum of the Bosnian Krajina, Banja Luka, inv.no. F IT 365).
(12) source: photograph taken by Aida Krajišnik; from book: Ravlić, Aleksandar, Aco: Banjalučka Ferhadija-ljepotica koju su ubili (Banja Luka’s Ferhadija, the beauty they killed), Rijeka, 1996.
(13) from photograph taken in October 1965.(source of photograph: Museum of the Bosnian Krajina, Banja Luka, inv.no. F IT 365)
(14) as n. 13
(15) (Banja Luka, Town plan, Documentation, Historic development and heritage, Cultural and historical heritage, Town planning institute of Banja Luka, 1975)
(16) as n.12
(17) (source of photograph: Museum of the Bosnian Krajina, Banja Luka, inv.no. F IT 365)
(18) technical drawings: ground plan, cross section, façades (source: documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
(19) (Bećirbegović: 1999, p. 150; design of mihrab)
(20) photograph from study by Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
(21) photograph of mimber (source: photograph from documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
(22) photograph of mahfil (source: photograph from documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
(23) technical drawings: ground plan, cross section, façades (source: documentation of Dr Sabira Husedžinović)
(24) descriptions of mimber and mahfil taken from study by Dr Sabira Husedžinović
(25) Report by the Banja Luka Mufti’s office on the condition of the Islamic Community, religious and cultural buildings and vakuf property, Banja Luka, April 2000, p. 24
(26) edging beam set around the edge of the perimeter walls of the mosque
(27) given the position of this hole in relation to the aperture for access to the minaret, it is clear that the hole has been prepared for the foundations of the minaret.
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